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Monday 12 November 2012

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Table Of Contents
Fundamental of Vibrations
  • Introduction
  • Definitions
  • Vect6z method of representing harmonic motion
  • Addi!,nn of two simple harmonic motions of the same frequency
  • Pheromelion of beats
  • Complex method of representing harmonic motion
  • Work done by a harmonic force on a harmonic motion
  • Fourier series and harmonic analysis
  • Analytical method for harmonic analysis
  • Numerical method for harmonic analysis
  • Notes on certain type of functions
  • Practice Problems
Undamped Free Vibrations of Single Degree of Freedom System
  • Introduction
  • Derivations of differential equation
  • Solution of differential equation
  • Torsional vibrations
  • Equivalent stiffness of spring combinations
  • Spring in series
  • Springs in parallel
  • Inclined springs
  • Rayleigh's energy method
  • Practice Problems
Damped Free Vibrations of Single legree of Freedom Systems
  • Introduction
  • Different types of damping
  • Free vibrations with viscous damping
  • Over — damped system
  • Critically — damped system
  • Under — damped system
  • Logarithmic decrement
  • Viscous dampers
  • Fluid dashpot
  • Eddy current damping
  • Dry friction or coulomb damping
  • Frequency of damped oscillations
  • Rate of decay of oscillations
  • Solid or structural damping
  • Slip or Interfacial damping
  • Practice Problems
Posted By

Dalai, Radharaman (2012) Hyperbolic axial dispersion model. MTech thesis.

[img]PDF (HYPERBOLIUC AXIAL DISPERSION MODEL)
419Kb

Abstract

Axial dispersion model is most reliable tool for analyzing the transient response of flow system inside a bundle of pipes. The proposed hyperbolic model considers propagation velocity of flow disturbance to be finite and even of the order of flow velocity to describe flow maldistribution. The traditional parabolic model is included as a special case under the hyperbolic model. Both backmixing and forward flow are considered to model the hyperbolic dispersion equation. This model is proposed for a flow system having multiple pipes with a pulse tracer input. The expressions for system outlet response using residence time distribution have been derived. It will help researchers to determine dispersion coefficient with higher accuracy than the parabolic model.
Item Type:Thesis (MTech)
Uncontrolled Keywords:Dispersion
Subjects:Engineering and Technology > Mechanical Engineering
Divisions:Engineering and Technology > Department of Mechanical Engineering
ID Code:3911
Deposited By:Mr RADHARAMAN DALAI
Deposited On:13 Jun 2012 12:00
Last Modified:13 Jun 2012 12:00
Supervisor(s):Sahoo, R K
Posted By

Dani, Debasis (2012) Reduction of NOx in diesel engine using diesel water emulsion. BTech thesis.

[img]PDF (b.tech thesis)
1751Kb

Abstract

Diesel engines exhausting gaseous emission and particulate matter have long been regarded as one of the major air pollution sources, particularly in metropolitan areas, and have been a source of serious public concern for a long time. There has been numerous research in the field of reduction of these pollutants since diesel engines came to major use. Major emissions from a diesel engine are NOx, SOx, CO and particulate matter (PM).amongst these pollutants CO and Sox and some quantity of particulate matters are reduced by some after treatment methods, outside the engine, in the catalytic converter etc. unlike these NOx can’t be oxidized to get some clean product. Nowadays NOx emissions are reduced by selective catalytic reduction.
Using an emulsion of diesel in water as a fuel has been a recent field of study in this field. Water/diesel (W/D) emulsified formulations are reported to reduce the emissions of NOx, SOx, CO and particulate matter (PM) without compensating the engine’s performance. In this project a new kind of emulsion is prepared by mixed surfactant method, major concern being the long term stability of the same. Then performance and emission tests were carried out by using the fuel in a two cylinder water cooled diesel engine. The results were matched against that of diesel and comparison graphs were plotted to see what are the advantages and disadvantages of using the emulsion over diesel.
Item Type:Thesis (BTech)
Uncontrolled Keywords:NOx,diesel water emulsion
Subjects:Engineering and Technology > Mechanical Engineering > Automobile Engineering
Divisions:Engineering and Technology > Department of Mechanical Engineering
ID Code:3401
Deposited By:Mr. Debasis Dani
Deposited On:22 May 2012 11:19
Last Modified:22 May 2012 11:19
Supervisor(s):Murugan, S
Posted By

Chandole, Pranayajoshi (2012) Mechanical and tribological behaviour of coconut shell char reinforced polymer cosmposite.MTech thesis.

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Abstract

Recently conductive polymer composites obtained by filling polymer matrixes with various Carbon blacks were also reported. Particulate fillers of which carbon black is notable example are widely used as reinforcing fillers in polymer industry. These fillers are added to polymers to achieve desirable and enhance the product service qualities. Commercially available carbon blacks are obtained from thermal cracking of natural gas and furnace black produced by incomplete combustion of oil filled stocks. This carbon black is relatively expensive due to its dependence on dwindling supply of crude oil. It is therefore essential to develop viable alternative source of fillers from renewable resources such as agricultural waste, bamboo stem, oil palm empty fruit bunches and coconut shells which are carbonaceous in nature and rich in organic materials. This biomass can be converted into carbon black thereby reducing unwanted, low value agricultural reduces and underutilized crop into useful, high value materials. Increase of environmental awareness has led to a growing interest in researching ways of an effective utilization of coconut shell, from which shell is particularly valuable due to its high contains 70% carbon, 1% ash, 30.1% lignin, 19.8% cellulose and 68.7% hemicellulose. It is felt that the value of this agricultural residue can be upgraded by bonding with resin to produce composite suitable for tribological applications. Keeping this in view the present work has been under taken to develop a polymer matrix composite (epoxy resin) using coconut shell char and to study its tribological behavior, the new hard porous carbon material coconut shell char has been developed by carburizing coconut shell as the main raw material at three different temperature range 600°C and 8000C. The composite are prepared with different volume raction of coconut shell Char. Experiments have been conducted under laboratory condition to assess the erosive wear behavior of the developed composite.  
Item Type:Thesis (MTech)
Uncontrolled Keywords:Coconut shell powder and char.
Subjects:Engineering and Technology > Mechanical Engineering > Machine Design
Divisions:Engineering and Technology > Department of Mechanical Engineering
ID Code:4090
Deposited By:Chandole Pranayajoshi
Deposited On:13 Jun 2012 11:10
Last Modified:13 Jun 2012 17:24
Supervisor(s):Acharya, S K
Posted By

Chinthapatla, Nikhil (2012) Damping of composite materials with riveted joints. BTech thesis.

[img]PDF
1085Kb

Abstract

Vibration and noise reduction are crucial in maintaining high performance level and prolonging the useful life of machinery, automobiles, aerodynamic and spacecraft structures. It is observed that damping in materials occur due to energy release due to micro-slips along frictional interfaces and due to varying strain regions and interaction between the metals. But it was found that the damping effect in metals is quite small that it can be neglected. Damping in metals is due to the micro-slips along frictional interfaces. Composites, however, have better damping properties than structural metals and cannot be neglected. Typically, the range of composite damping begins where the best damped metal stops.
In the present work, theoretical analysis was done on various polymer matrix composite (glass fibre polyesters) with riveted joints by varying initial conditions. Strain energy loss was calculated to calculate the damping in composites. Using FEA model, load variation w.r.t time was observed and the strain energy loss calculated was utilised in finding the material damping for Carbon fibre epoxy with riveted joints. Various simulations were performed in ANSYS and these results were utilised to calculate the loss factor, Rayleigh‘s damping constants and logarithmic decrement.
These results can be used in designing machine tools, aircrafts, spacecraft‘s, satellites, missile systems and automobiles effectively to maximise the damping capacity and to improve their performances and the product life.
Item Type:Thesis (BTech)
Uncontrolled Keywords:Composites,Damping,Riveted joints
Subjects:Engineering and Technology > Mechanical Engineering > Structural Analysis
Divisions:Engineering and Technology > Department of Mechanical Engineering
ID Code:3775
Deposited By:NIKHIL CHINTHAPATLA
Deposited On:06 Jun 2012 14:37
Last Modified:06 Jun 2012 14:37
Supervisor(s):Nanda, B K
Posted By

Choudhury, Suryansh (2012) Multi Objective Optimization of Cutting Parameters in Turning Operation to Reduce Surface Roughness and Cutting Forces. BTech thesis.

[img]PDF
953Kb

Abstract

Turning is one the most important machining operation in industries. The process of turning is influenced by many factors such as the cutting velocity, feed rate, depth of cut, geometry of cutting tool cutting conditions etc. The finished product with desired attributes of size, shape, and surface roughness and cutting forces developed are functions of these input parameters. Properties wear resistance, fatigue strength, coefficient of friction, lubrication, wear rate and corrosion resistance of the machined parts are greatly influenced by surface roughness. Forces developed during cutting affect the tool life hence the cost of production. In many manufacturing processes engineering judgment is still relied upon to optimize the multi-response problem. Therefore multi response optimization is used in this study to optimization problem to finds the appropriate level of input characteristics.
The objective of this project is to evaluate the optimal setting of cutting parameters cutting velocity (N) , depth of cut(d) , feed(f) and variation in principal cutting edge angle (Φ) of the tool to have a minimum cutting force and surface roughness(Ra)
In this project dry turning of aluminium 6061 as a work piece and carbide insert tool (SCMT 09T308-TN5120) is performed. The range of cutting parameters are cutting speed(11.86, 18.65,30.52m/min) ,feed rate(0.044,0.089,0.178 mm/rev), depth of cut(0.5,0.75,1.0mm) and the angle (0,3,6 degree)
This study highlights the use of Fuzzy logic and use of Taguchi design of experiment to optimize the multi response in turning operation. For this purpose Taguchi design of experiment was carried out to collect the data for surface roughness and various cutting forces. The results indicate the optimum values of the input factors and the results are conformed by a confirmatory test
Item Type:Thesis (BTech)
Uncontrolled Keywords:optimization,cutting forces,surface roughness
Subjects:Engineering and Technology > Mechanical Engineering > Production Engineering
Divisions:Engineering and Technology > Department of Mechanical Engineering
ID Code:3411
Deposited By:Suryansh choudhury
Deposited On:22 May 2012 15:06
Last Modified:22 May 2012 15:06
Related URLs:
Supervisor(s):Sahoo, S K
Posted By

Behera, Deepak (2012) Design and Analysis of Underactuated compliant mechanisms. BTech thesis.

[img]PDF
1274Kb

Abstract

Precession and accuracy are important in several mechanisms in practical use. Compliant mechanism provides a solution for such mechanical design problems. It has several other advantages over rigid body mechanism. That is why nowadays a lot of research work is going on in this field. But the main disadvantage of this kind of mechanism is its complexity to analyse and design. So, in order to make the analysis simpler pseudo rigid body model (PRBM) technique is often adopted. A mechanism is called underactuated when it has more degrees of freedom than number of inputs or actuations. For such mechanisms we have to perform the kinematic analysis along with force analysis to obtain the solutions. In this work, two underactuated partially compliant mechanisms have been discussed. In the first case, a partially compliant slider-crank mechanism without any input actuation is taken into account. The kinematic and static force equations are solved numerically to find out equilibrium position of the mechanism. Here, the input is provided by two torsional springs. The second case considered is a two-degree of freedom five bar slider mechanism with one input actuator only. Kinematic analysis along with force analysis using principle of virtual work is illustrated to find the solution. The nonlinear algebraic equations obtained are solved simultaneously based on Newton-Raphson method using a computer program in C and the graphs are plotted between input data and other parameters. In both the cases, input data is taken from references for comparison point-of-view.
Item Type:Thesis (BTech)
Uncontrolled Keywords:Underactuation, compliant mechanism ,Flexural hinges ,Partial compliant mechanism ,pseudorigid body (PRBM) model ,virtual work principle
Subjects:Engineering and Technology > Mechanical Engineering > Machine Design
Divisions:Engineering and Technology > Department of Mechanical Engineering
ID Code:3449
Deposited By:Mr. DEEPAK BEHERA
Deposited On:22 May 2012 15:39
Last Modified:22 May 2012 15:39
Supervisor(s):Srinivas, J
Posted By

Behera, Umakanta (2012) Application of Fuzzy Logic and TOPSIS in the 

Taguchi Method for Multi-Response Optimization in Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM). BTech thesis.
[img]PDF
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Abstract

Recently optimization of multi-response problems is a most focusing area of research. This study highlights application of fuzzy logic and TOPSIS in the Taguchi method to optimize a multi-response problem on Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM). In many manufacturing/production contexts, it is still necessary to rely on the engineering judgment to optimize the multi-response problem; therefore uncertainty seems to be increased during the decision-making process. Therefore, development of efficient multi-response optimization philosophies is indeed required. In this work, the experiment has been carried out by using 304L grade stainless steel as a work material and a copper as a tool electrode in EDM. Conversely, optimal process parameter setting has been selected successfully based on requirements of quality as well as productivity. A case study has been reported towards optimizing material removal rate (MRR) and roughness average of the EDM machined product in order to make a compromise balance between quality and productivity.
Item Type:Thesis (BTech)
Uncontrolled Keywords:fuzzy logic , taguchi method , EDM
Subjects:Engineering and Technology > Mechanical Engineering > Production Engineering
Divisions:Engineering and Technology > Department of Mechanical Engineering
ID Code:3230
Deposited By:Behera Umakanta
Deposited On:14 May 2012 11:05
Last Modified:14 May 2012 11:05
Supervisor(s):Datta, S
Posted By

Chanap, Rahul (2012) Study of Mechanical and Flexural properties of coconut shell ash reinforced epoxy composites.BTech thesis.

[img]PDF
876Kb

Abstract

The present experimental work deals with the study of mechanical and flexural properties of coconut shell ash reinforced epoxy composites. Carbonisation method was used to prepare the coconut shell ash by heat treating the crushed coconut shell at a temperature of 600 and 800 degrees. Density, particle size and X-ray diffractometer methods were used for the characterization of coconut shell ash. Coconut shell ash epoxy composites were prepared by different filler concentration using hand lay-up technique. Specimens were cut from the fabricated laminate according to the ASTM standards for different experiments. For tensile and flexural test, samples were cut in dog-bone shape and flat bar shape respectively. It was observed that at 20 wt% of filler content, coconut shell ash which was heat treated at 800 degrees gives the best results for micro-hardness, flexural strength and tensile strength properties of the composite under consideration.
Item Type:Thesis (BTech)
Uncontrolled Keywords:carbonisation, inter-laminar shear stress, volume % of filler
Subjects:Engineering and Technology > Mechanical Engineering > Machine Design
Divisions:Engineering and Technology > Department of Mechanical Engineering
ID Code:3398
Deposited By:RAHUL CHANAP
Deposited On:22 May 2012 11:18
Last Modified:22 May 2012 11:18
Supervisor(s):Acharya, S K
Posted By

Behera, Ajit (2012) Processing and Characterization of Plasma Spray coatings of Industrial Waste and Low Grade Ore mineral on metal substrates. MTech thesis.

[img]PDF (Plasma Surface Engineering)
3502Kb

Abstract

Emerging portable applications and the rapid advancement of technology have posed rigorous challenges to Metallurgical engineers for development of an efficient material which
can sustain for long period at any type of environment. The foremost objectives are to develop required surface properties with economical process. Now-a-days the investigation explores the coating potential of industrial wastes. Fly-ash emerges as a major waste of thermal power
plants. It mainly comprises of oxides of silicon, iron, aluminium, and titanium along with some other minor constituents. Fly-ash premixed with quartz and illmenite which are low cost
minerals available in plenty are excellent candidates for providing protection against abrasive wear and resistant to erosion.
Plasma spraying is gaining acceptance for development of quality coatings of various materials on a wide range of substrates. Utilization of such kind of industrial waste as coating material minimizes the cost of plasma spray coating deposition, which posed to be the major hindrance to its wide spread application due to high cost of the spray grade powders. Fly-ash+quartz+illmenite (weight percentage ratio: 60:20:20) is deposited on mild steel and copper substrates by atmospheric plasma spraying, at various operating power levels ranging from 11 to 21kW and then characterization of the coatings is carried out. The
properties of the coatings depend on the materials used, operating condition and the process
parameters. The plasma spraying process is controlled by the parameter interdependencies,
co-relations and individual effect on coating characteristics. The particle sizes of the raw
materials used for coating are characterized using Laser particle size analyzer of Malvern
Instruments. Coating interface adhesion strength is evaluated using coating pull out method,
confirming to ASTM C-633 standard. Deposition efficiency is an important factor that
determines the techno economics of the process. It is evaluated for the deposited coatings. In
view of tribological applications, hardness is one of the most required mechanical properties.
Hardness measurement is done on the polished cross section of the samples using Leitz Micro-
Hardness Tester. Coating porosity is measured by image analysis technique. Coating thickness
is measured on the polished cross-sections of the samples, using an optical microscope. To
ascertain the phases present and phase changes/transformation taking place during plasma
V
spraying, XRD analysis is made. The coating quality and behavior depends on Coating
surface & interface morphology are studied with Scanning Electron Microscope. For wear
resistance application, wear properties of these coatings are studied by “Air Jet Erosion Test
Rig”. The erosion wear behaviour of these coatings is evaluated with angular solid particle
erosion tests under various operating conditions.
In order to optimize the surface property for different application, one of the challenges is to
recognize parameter interdependencies; correlations and their individual effects on process so
that the coating can be useful for a specific application. This challenge can be
analysed/predicted by Artificial Inteligence Methods. Statistical analysis of the experimental
results using Artficial Neural Network and Taguchi experimental design is been made.
Spraying parameters such as impact angle, size of the erodent, standoff distance and impact velocity are identified as the significant factors affecting the coating tribological property. This work establishes that fly-ash+quartz+illmenite composite mixture can be used as a
potential coating material suitable for depositing plasma spray coating. It also opens up a new
pathway for value added utilization of this industrial waste and low-grade ore mineral.
Item Type:Thesis (MTech)
Uncontrolled Keywords:Plasma SPraying, Fly-ash+Quartz+Illmenite, composite, Mild Steel, Copper, ceramics coating.
Subjects:Engineering and Technology > Metallurgical and Materials Science > Coatings
Divisions:Engineering and Technology > Department of Mechanical Engineering
ID Code:3864
Deposited By:Er. Ajit Behera
Deposited On:28 May 2012 15:04
Last Modified:28 May 2012 15:04
Related URLs:
Supervisor(s):Mishra, S C
Posted By

Bal, Kalinga Simant (2012) Performance appraisal of cryo‐treated tool by turning operation. MTech thesis.

[img]PDF
2092Kb

Abstract

In the present investigation, PVD coated carbide inserts & uncoated carbide inserts were subjected to deep cryogenic treatment (-190°C) and machining studies were conducted on Stainless Steel using both untreated and deep cryogenic treated carbide cutting tool inserts. Micro-structural study, elemental characterization and crystallographic orientation were studied with the help of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) respectively. Micro-hardness of the same specimens was evaluated using Vickers micro-hardness. The results indicated that cryo-treatment resulted information of hard and wear resistant η-phase carbides along with the improvement of tungsten carbide distribution in cobalt binder phase in metal matrix. The turning tests were conducted at three different cutting speeds (50, 70, and 90 m/min), feed rate (0.04, 0.05, 0.06 mm/rev) and depth of cut (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mm). The influence of cryo-treatment on carbide inserts were evaluated in terms of flank wear of the cutting tool inserts, surface finish of the machined work-pieces and cutting forces. The results showed that cryogenic treatment significantly improved the average flank wear. The surface finish produced on machining the work-piece is better with the deep cryogenic treated carbide tools than when compared with the untreated carbide tools. Cutting force for cryo-treated inserts appeared to be less than non- cryo-treated insert. Tool life test was also conducted and results favored cryo-treated inserts. Also, a comparative study was done between carbide inserts cryo-treated at different conditions. FEA analysis using ABAQUS software was carried out to investigate the stress and temperature distribution at tool-workpiece interface.

Keywords- Cryo-treatment (CT), Carbide inserts, Surface roughness, Cutting force, Flank wear
Item Type:Thesis (MTech)
Uncontrolled Keywords:Cryo-treatment (CT), Carbide inserts, Surface roughness, Cutting force, Flank wear
Subjects:Engineering and Technology > Mechanical Engineering > Production Engineering
Divisions:Engineering and Technology > Department of Mechanical Engineering
ID Code:4070
Deposited By:BAL KALINGA SIMANT
Deposited On:05 Jun 2012 10:18
Last Modified:05 Jun 2012 10:18
Supervisor(s):Maity, K P
Posted By

Balasankula, Praneeth Kumar (2012) Comparison of damping on various joint structures. MTech thesis.

[img]PDF
15Mb

Abstract

Light weight structures commonly have low connate structural damping. The damping mechanism of various jointed structures can be explained by considering the energy loss due to friction and the dynamic slip produced at the interfaces. The frictional damping is evaluated from the relative slip between the jointed interfaces and is considered to be the most useful method for inspect the structural damping. The damping characteristics in jointed structures are influenced by the intensity of pressure distribution, micro-slip kinematic coefficient of friction and logarithmic decrement at the interfaces. The effects of all these parameters on the mechanism of damping have been extensively studied. All the above basic parameters are largely influenced by the thickness ratio of the beam and thereby affect the damping capacity of the structures.In addition to this, beam length of the structures and diameter of connecting rivet and bolt also play key roles on the damping capacity of the jointed structures is assessable. For rivet bolt & welded joints the theoretical analysis proposes two different methods to calculate damping: classical method and finite element method. The analyses are based on the assumptions of Euler-Bernoulli beam theory as the dimensions of test specimens satisfy the criterion of thin beam theory. The effects of all these parameters are studied distinctly in the present investigation. It is established that the damping capacity can be increased appreciably using larger beam length and their diameters as well as lower thickness ratio of the beams. This design concept of using these structures can be effectively utilized in trusses and frames, aircraft and aerospace structures, bridges, machine members, robots and many other applications where higher damping is required. Comprehensive experiments have been conducted on a number of mild steel specimens under different initial conditions of excitation for establishing the accuracy of the theory developed. Finally damping on various joint structures has been compared.
Item Type:Thesis (MTech)
Uncontrolled Keywords:bolted joints, welded joints, riveted joints
Subjects:Engineering and Technology > Mechanical Engineering > Production Engineering
Engineering and Technology > Mechanical Engineering > Structural Analysis
Divisions:Engineering and Technology > Department of Mechanical Engineering
ID Code:3950
Deposited By:Mr. Praneeth Kumar Balasankula
Deposited On:12 Jun 2012 10:36
Last Modified:12 Jun 2012 10:36
Related URLs:
Supervisor(s):Nanda, B K
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